Green oak (Quercus rotundifolia) is very abundant in Morocco (1,364,100 ha) where it is found in all mountainous regions. It is a very plastic and rustic species, capable of supporting very difficult ecological conditions, which can colonize any terrain and favor the installation of other less rustic species. Green oak groves generally have multi-stratified coppice structures that are very rich in species. The main trees competing with Green Oak are cork oak (Quercus suber), zean oak (Q. faginea), pines, cedar, red juniper and, to a lesser extent, Thuja de Berberia. Undergrowth species include: Viburnum tinus, Arbutus unedo, Arbutus unedo, Pistacia lentiscus, Ruscus aculeatus, Daphne laureola, Ilex aquifolium, Hedera helix, Hedera helix, Lonicera spp., Lonicera spp., etc. It is at the level of the Middle Atlas that fauna diversity is the highest.

In fact, there are more than 400 species of Arthropods, with a predominance of Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. More than 35 species of birds nest there, almost three quarters of which have boreal affinities, i.e. common with those of temperate continental European forests.